Same sex marriage (Argumentative essay) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Same trip marriage (Argumentative ) - Essay ExampleThis understanding has led to the groundwork of numerous controversies and debates. The issue of same sex marriage accounts for one such matter which has sparked many arguments with demand to its legality. The issue surfaced during the last half of the twentieth century when same sex couples demanded the recognition of their relationship. The same sex couples argue and insist on the legality and provision of permission for same sex marriage. On the early(a) hand, this stand is opposed by many religious, social and ethical groups who argue that same sex marriages ar against the law of nature and legality of these marriages will destruct the normal structure of the society. These disagreements and debates have led to the challenge with regard to the fact that whether same sex marriages should be allowed or should they be marked as existence illegal.The number of homosexuals in the United States has been increasing and this was clearly concluded with the assistance of the statistics provided by surveys conducted by the Williams Institute. It was highlighted that the number of same sex couples increased from 594,391 to 776,943 from the year 2001 to 2005 (Romero et al 2007). Owing to these increases in the number of homosexuals in the country, there have been many legal fights which have been carried out by these groups. Following the year 1990, many uprisings and legal proceedings were initiated by gays for the provision of legality for their marriages. The runner major case was held in the irresponsible Court of Hawaii in 1993 which invalidated the decision of a lower court from permitting three homosexual couples from marrying. This legal hearing was followed by other proceedings in the State of Alaska in 1998 and Vermont in 1999. A definitive breakthrough for the same sex couples was achieved in the year 2000 when their marriages were legally allowed in the state of Vermont. Therefore, Vermont became the first State in the

Mandarin Oriental Bangkok Human Resource Management Practices Essay

Mandarin Oriental Bangkok Human Resource direction Practices - Essay ExampleOrganizational support With talented employees Mandarin Oriental Bangkok provides them with an opportunity to insure working aboard at Mandarin Oriental Hong Kong. Work environment There is a footlocker room with toilet and shower for both male and female employee.Uniforms and suits are provided by the hotel. There is backwash service for all employees uniform and suits. All restaurant equipment provided by the hotel.There are employees areas to hang out there before/after work or during break-time, which consist of caf, library, computer room, sitting areas and flat screen TV with Play Station 4 in the living area. Thai customs are applied passim the hotel, which is the purpose of showing respect between employees. Flexibility The hotel understands employees who have children and allows them to have adjustable work hours to sustain their preferred time or have split shift if they needed to. The hotel a llows employees to use their public vacation and annual vacation usually this depending on the seasonality. In some serious or important the fictional character HR manager will decide upon the case and will inform the employee of the result. Internal and External Factors digest The Mandarin Oriental Hotel is a multinational organization that invests in and manages a chain of luxury hotels, resorts as well as residences all over Europe, Asia, and America. This paper analyses and evaluates both internal and external factors in carnal knowledge to the Human Resource Management practices at Mandarin Oriental Bangkok.

Missions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Missions - Essay Examplealso prevail in the communities under(a) focus.2 Examinations of the service topic signify an association of the aforementioned problems with several argonas of human geography such as settlement, population, development, economics, health and culture. Place Assessments into the severe problems posed by the inaccessibility of water in squatter settlements bankrupt that collection of water for primarily drinking and other household purposes is conducted via limited means.3 Slum resident halt to gather water either through public standpipes or travel considerable distances by feet in search of water that is brought back to their homes in containers.4 These findings indicate that the major obstacles to enhancing water accessibility to spend occupants are a shortage of direct water supply through pipelines and dispersed locations of water sources, if any are available. To address these issues, the development of local infrastructure such as dams and reservoir s moldiness(prenominal) be undertaken on a small scale. However, the success of these proposals is highly dependent upon the active involvement of the residents themselves throughout the commencement of the project till its implementation.5 Effects of Monsoon Climate While, the availability of water in slum, dweller and squatter settlements of Mumbai is scarce it is important to wrinkle that the limited quantity of water that is eventually consumed by occupants is contaminated. High water contamination levels in misfortunate communities across Mumbai city are a ramification of problems that are associated with restricted and in some cases inexistent sewer, drain and sanitation facilities.6 Furthermore, disease outbreaks following heavy monsoon rainfall are caused by the mixing of animal pee with drinking water.7 Health Geography The grave inequality in the provision of health care to poor communities of Mumbai city must be addressed on an immediate basis. The strategy for res olving this aspect of the problem must focus on prevention rather than cure.8 Initial procedures to tackle with health issues prevalent in slums must focus on the establishment of medical clinics and units per community that must eventually be increased in quantity. These medical clinics should not only be assigned the task of treating ill residents but should also furnish basic healthcare knowledge, awareness and information to residents. Awareness campaigns must be designed with the view of highlight the importance of personal hygiene and individual initiatives to combat diseases. Human Population Control Furthermore, community healthcare services should initiate a family planning program9 owing to increasing birth rates in slum and squatter sett

Understanding the career and role of health insurance professionals is Essay

Understanding the career and role of wellness insurance professionals is essential - Essay ExampleSo this suggests that an accounting oriented job profile pull up stakes suit me well. Having identified this possible career direction, I am yet open to explore different interesting options. I believe that sales and customer services are challenging options requiring dynamism and enterprisingness on part of the aspirant.As of now I only have limited exposure to health insurance. Ive visited the websites of industry organization such as AAPC and AHIMA and carried out some preliminary research. I observe to my pleasant surprise that the AAPC site is rich in learning resources. These include industry publications, peer-reviewed journals, relevant events and news, operable and learning tools, etc. I hope to consolidate my knowledge through a ripple of serviceable experience and hypothetical understanding through the duration of the course. I would ideally need a mix ofI discovered that a career in health insurance offers opportunities for continuing education. Over the eld the industry has embraced information technology for its processes. So keeping up-breast with latest advances in IT is a good idea. keeping with this view, AAPC and AHIMA offer several diploma courses and supplementary training. I realize that no amount of training and theoretical learning is a substitute for real work experience. So even as I preliminary the course with enthusiasm, I am gearing up for lifelong learning in the actual pipeline environment.Finally, health insurance professionals are not as well paid on average as doctors or engineers. However, the industrious professional can reach great heights. Those professionals who approach their job responsibilities with sincerity and satin flower are most likely to

Evaluation of General Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation of familiar Plan - Essay ExampleEvery country and urban center should adopt this practice to steer its efforts in a developing direction.General plan has various components that need to be given a equilibrise focus and allocation of resources in order of priorities. These components mainly include land use, air pollution, preservation of resources, stochasti urban center pollution, housing, public recreational activities, health and safety measures and transportation infrastructure. Attention given to each element more often than not depends upon the population growth, trends and projections which guide the extent of need for development of some elements to cater the growing population. The dynamics of universal plan aid the government to be prepared for upcoming changes and expected as well as unpredictable circumstances in future.City of Los Angeles has a diversified habitat comprising people of various varied races, languages and cultures and various natural aspec ts such as mountains, lakes, swamps and coastal areas. The city has a dedicated department of city planning whose master(a) focus lies on preparing, developing and implementing the citys general plan which is reviewed and authorise by City Planning Commission and adopted by City Council. We study in contingent the transportation component of general plan framework as provided by the city of Los Angeles ( Port of Los Angeles).The city government has developed a detailed framework for its element of transportation and has in place a professional team and high quality policies for implementation of these elements. It builds over this component on need flat coat through the projected population growth rate and estimates the funding required improving transportation arrangements. Their primary aim is to facilitate the mobility of everyday activities in commercial areas, capital and industrial areas and necessity traveling. This in loose requires traffic management tactics, improved roads, new bridges, tunnels and other infrastructure

How employers are dealing with the retirement of the baby boomers Research Paper

How employers are dealing with the drop offment of the fumble boomers - Research Paper ExampleHowever, it is grave to note that knowledge is a concept that is multi-dimensional and its value can only be determined by circumstances, so employers are faced with a very complex enigma in solving the problem (Datta, Guthrie, Basuil & Pandey, 2010). Management consultants have raised a number of concerns stating that baby boomers are presenting a very mixed problem to employers. Research studies reveal that employers are going to experience and impending mass hejira of employees and this leave have a very serious effect on the operation of organizations than never before. The reality is that baby boomers have played an integral role in the success of organizations and they will be retiring in large numbers than never before. As baby boomers will are living their organizations, employers have been conducting attentive examinations of the consequences of their exit and have formulate a number of necessary steps to ensure that there has been a smooth transition.By 2010, baby boomers were 48-66 years of age and were retiring from their employment positions. The consequence of the mass exodus was that the governments entitlement programs and pension plans were strained. However, there was a sudden concern over vacant positions that were as a result of the mass retirements of baby boomers. In the United States, a recent research field of honor revealed that more than 25 percent of businesses in the country have done very little with regards to proviso for the effects of mass retirements of baby boomers. The study also predicted that it is expected that there will be world-shaking changes in the workforce demographics of different industries (DeRue, Hollenbeck, Johnson. & Jundt, 2008). This is based on the fact that baby boomers are expected to retire in increasing numbers over the next twenty years. Researchers conducted a survey on 578 organizations in the Unite d States and reported that only 33 percent of

Govt paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Govt paper - Essay ExamplePresident, the practice and custodianship of the Great Seal, and the execution of the White Houses protocol functions. As may be deduced from the stated, therefore, the superpower of the Secretary of State is an extremely influential one, with its associate powers reaching far beyond those assigned to the Vice-President. It is scarce because of this that, even though the Secretary of State is intravenous feedingth in line to the succession of the presidency, this particular blot has been traditionally viewed as a stepping stone to the Presidency. Indeed, several secretaries of state, including Thomas Jefferson, were later elected to the Presidency (DeConde, 1962). disposed the importance of the defined office, it is useful to research the occupation of those who filled this position and comparatively analyze the historical retention rate of Secretaries of State between Democratic and Republican Administrations.Focusing on the time detail from 1897 to the present, history shows that there were thirty-two U.S. Secretaries of State. Many had had a calling in politics prior to their betrothal and, several had been appointed to various offices in previous administrations. Only three of the thirty-two had had an army career which, in light of this offices primarily being a diplomatic one, is understandable. Similarly, only quartet were university professors/academics while a total of six had been career diplomats prior to their appointment. As regards the majority, records show that seventeen were lawyers (federal official Government, 2006)A more critical analysis of the facts outlined in the above leads to an interesting conclusion. While two Democratic and Republican Administrations display a comparable tendency to select their secretaries of state from amongst those who have a legal background, the Republicans have a much more pronounced preference for university professors, having appointed three of the four which served, tha n

Nursing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Nursing - naming ExampleNursing investigate like any other research encompasses the content of quantitative and qualitative reports. This paper answers four questions about breast feeding research based on the Burns and Grove textual matterYes, findings from a single study may be lend oneselfd to change nursing practice. Findings in more or less instances generate conclusions which reflect the current situation in the nursing field. According to Polit and Beck (2008), nurses are expected to use the most current practice, and for nurses to determine what the current practice is, they must read research critically and if come-at-able embrace the latest findings.According to Polit and Beck (2008) statistical significance refers to the fact that the observed mean engagements may non have been caused by sampling error. Statistical significances often occur even where very small nation differences are observed if the sample size is large. Practical significance on the other hand e xamines whether the difference between the observed mean is large enough to be practically of a value or have a real meaning.Nursing research findings should be communicated to health visitors, senior nurses, midwives, managers, educators, researchers, advanced nursing students, and the whole nursing fraternity. The mechanisms that can be used to communicate these findings to them include the use of journals, reports, posters, online databases, memos, and through execution of policies.Poster presentation in nursing is the art of conveying message about findings from nursing research findings (to Burns & Grove, 2009). This presentation is normally prepared after a nursing research abstract has been accepted.In conclusion, nursing research is essential to the nursing practice and the healthcare fraternity as a whole. This because it ensures that nurses ply the most current services and are able to

American history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

American history - Essay ExampleThe American civil War has withal been known to be the earliest industrial battles due to the extensive use of railroads, steamships, mass-produced weapons and the telegraph. The mobilization of mines, aliment supplies, transportation and shipyards all predicted Word War 1. The civil war is known to be the deadliest battle in the United States history (Brinkley).During the civil war, the Northern region had many advantages as compared to the southeastward. They had more people than the southwest. thither were 23 Northern states and, in those states, there were more than 21 million inhabitants. On the other hand, the federation only had nine million people and, among those people, there were 3.5 million slaves. However, the size of the Southern army during undertake of the war was almost equivalent to that of the Northern army.Another advantage of the North is that it had a large industrial advantage. When the war started, the South was said to ha ve a ninth the industrial capacity of the North. However, the statistics is not true. In 1860, the North went ahead and manufactured 97% of the countries firearms. It also had 96% of railway locomotives, 94% of its pig urge on and 94% of its cloth. As a result, the North had two times the density of railroads than the South. The North suppressed the South such that, the entire South did not have even a single rifle works. Therefore, the South had to import all the main ingredients of gunpowder. The North also had another advantage, having keep over the navy. This meant that the Northerners had all the control over the seas. As a result of the suppression by the North, the South resulted to creating ammunition by the melting-down of perform bells and bells from town squares.On the other hand, the South also had some advantages. The South had food resources and also a large nucleus of trained soldiers. This is because the south had seven among the

Historical Documentary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Historical Documentary - Essay ExampleBut i form of documentary film was on an upwards curve even into the new millennium - the history documentaryDocumentary carrys argon non-fiction films which portray the events which strike already happened and which are happening at the moment. This developed in time to be the historical documentaries which have entered a golden age in the literal smack of the word. This boom is attributed to many factors like the political changes, the crucial event in a country, the anxious arriver of the millennium, the unpredicted development of technology, and the accessibility of information. It is also due to freedom of information, favourable political and economical factors, the establishments of film archives, the regular transformation of the filmgoers and producers, prevailing nostalgia of what we left behind and the demand for more real historical events. everyplace and above these causes, the other noteworthy change was the co productions of history documentaries and political and economical conditions which added to the flourishing of these types of documentaries.The documentary--whether it is a written account, a photograph, or a film--has long served as one of the primary sources for historians writing about the past as well as one of the key forms, historians use to communicate their stories about the past. (Professor Jill Watts -History 300B, derail 2007) Documentary film was actually born of the written and photographic traditionInitially, documentary films were just incumbent events which had certain significance for the people living at that particular period of time. This created a genre of films which have a say not for the universal time but for only a period. This type of documentary would have had its heyday only when certain pulverizing events such as wars and political controversies took place. When the heat of the debate wears off, at that place is no more interest on the specific documentary anymor e. History Documentary films have reflected attitudes and sexual changes in British society for a century. British documentary as a notable pic genre surfaced around 1906. From then on documentary films began establishing a theme. The theme usually focused on the way of life of British working class and rarely touched on other types as well. An apt example of this is The Drifters by Grierson The growth of DocumentariesIt is essential to note that the government and national agencies funded the production and diffusion of such documentaries in the 1920s and 1930s. Popular agencies which got involved in this type of film making are the Ministries of Transport, Trade, Information, the General Post Office and Empire Marketing Board. The British documentary directors were all socialists and their documentaries such as Workers for Jobs by Arthur Elton in 1934, and then by Edgar Anstey in 1935 to devastating effect in Housing Problems for the shove along Light and Coal Company were tec hnically advanced, using the latest film equipment in novel and evoke ways. They used synchronized sound-recording on location. Another important factor to note is that the 16mm film became standardized by Eastman and Bell & Howell in 1923 and the films were exhibited at cinemas as a

Introduction to Psychology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Psychology - Research Paper ExampleIt took false as a spark of fantasy, matured over time and suddenly turned to a earthly concern of frustration and hate. Finally it became an obsession which demanded to be fulfilled. The killer arrange that photos and trophies that were substitute for the thrill of putting an residue to life that electrified his very soul. He believed that he was smarter than the cops and could easily outwit them. The element of danger added to his perverted excitement.It was a chilly winter day on January 15th, 1974 the Charlie Otero came home from school only to find his parents and four siblings bump off in the most ghastly fashion. All the victims had their hands and feet bound together and were placed head charge Except for his sister Josephine who was hung by her neck from a pipe and was only partially dressed with a sweatshirt and socks. Her little brother Joseph had three hoods placed on his head and was lying face down at the foot of the bed. The purse of Julie Otero was dumped and the father Joseph Otero Sr. missing watch there was no evidence of either a robbery, a struggle of forced entry.The search was on by the Wichita Police Department who investigated and found that the four murders took place between eight and nine in the morning. The conduct of the parents as well as the children was extremely good and invited no enmity which made the murders all the more shocking.Nine months after the murders of the Otero family, in October 1974, and anonymous call was received by the Wichita Eagles Don Granger and receive directions to go to the Wichita library and looking into a mechanical engineering text book. Action was taken and they found a letter detailing the murders of the Otero family and promising other victims in the future. He said he was guilty of the murders save cant stop the monster in his head. His code words are Bind them, excruciation them, Kill them BTK and warned that they will see it on the next victim.On April 4th, 1974, his next victim came

GOVT 480 DB7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

GOVT 480 DB7 - Essay Examplend especially those pertaining to terrorism started and even fusion centers were set up by the Department of Homeland warranter to ensure this is taken with the seriousness it deserves. The purpose of the local law enforcers is to report to the state and fusion offices odd cases of terrorism activities or other national intelligence from the local level and then work unitedly from there (Cordner and Scarborough, 2010).Not all discipline on the progress and the step by step measures to be taken should be shared with the local law enforcers by the state. This is so because there are about of the local enforcers who are supporters and followers of the terrorists and act as their moles hence providing them with important security and intelligence information and if this happens to be the case then it may jeopardize the intelligence and action to terminate the terrorism activities. In this regards therefore, national intelligence information provided to th e local enforcers should be limited to the basics and not specifics in as much as their help is appreciated.Cordner, G. and Scarborough, K. (January, 2010). Information Sharing Exploring the Intersection of Policing with National and Military Intelligence. Journal of the maritime Postgraduate School Center for Homeland Defense and Security, vol. VI (1). Retrieved from

Change Management - individual Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Change Management - individual - assigning ExampleMoreover, constant technological innovations and globalizations results in a constantly evolving business environment. Phenomena such as the fluent adaptability and the social media have created many revolutions in business and the resultant effects is the ever increasing bank for replace, and hence transfer management. The perspectives of managing remove held by major change agents studied in my group teddy study Change management in any organization or work place is genius of the important areas that should be taken into account for the overall change in the mode of operations. Aside from the overall change management in any workplace, we came up with perspectives in our group oddball study on management of change that incorporates many factors and boils down many assumptions into a simple basic pattern of thoughts. These I believe would have some implications in the future of the organization. To begin with, for the chang e to be effected in any organization it should start with the individual(prenominal) change management of the leader or the manager out front it is adopted by other employees in the organization. But it is of great importance that the perspective in change management and recognition of the others points of view are paramount for them also to adopt the assumptions of their leader (Elearn Limited (Great Britain) 2007). Secondly, correspond to Green (2007), it is always important to think the worthiness of the change enforcement before executing it. This is because most employees escape to be more effective when allowed to finish the tasks assigned in their own unique ways. However, this is not the case in many organizations. Many of them have laid down procedures where work has to be done tally to the rules of the book. For instance, in the manufacturing line, there are processes that cannot be replaced by any other way apart from the laid down procedure. Therefore, this calls f or caution before adopting change. Thirdly, it is of extravagantly importance as the manager to always remember that change does not occur overnight. People differ in their management styles and therefore the differences are portrayed differently. approximately managers when coping with change are more methodical while some managers can adapt at a notice of a moment. Therefore, managers need to evaluate themselves and find their own way of adapting to change (Pugh 2007). Finally, our personal assumption in the management of change involves the people directly affected in all stages of the change process. This calls for teamwork in any organization or work place because mandating an employee to change and failing to involve him/her in the process of change increases the probability that they will not change. An explanation of how these assumptions impacted upon the processes and outcomes of this organizational change opening night Technological growth has secondary effect of risin g up the availability and hence knowledge accountability. Furthermore, info which is easily accessible has resulted in un-foreseen scrutiny from the media and the stakeholders. Pugh & Mayle (2009) observes that the listening ears and the prying eyes makes the failed businesses uncomfortable and thwart their endeavors. Furthermore, it increases high pressure on the struggling executives. With the environment of the business experiencing so many changes, the organizations should adapt and adjust to be comfortable with many upcoming changes as well. Therefore, management and adaptation ability to

Construction Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Construction Management - Coursework usece management theory, move on to discuss the changing patterns of human resource management indoors the construction industry, and focus definitively upon a specific dimension of the human resource management process taking special time and consideration in terms of providing a discussion on the merits and limitations of the dimension in question. Through such an examination and discussion, it is the hope of this circumstance student that the reader will gain a more warmed understanding with respect to the subject matter and further grasp upon the realm of human resource management as it relates to the construction industry.Likewise, before delving directly into a discussion of singular changes in terms of the construction industry as it relates to human resource management, this particular section will speciate into some of the overarching human resource management theories that have been promoted and employed throughout organizations around the globe - over the past several decades (Roberts, 2013). The first of these is with respect to what is known as the vertical integration approach. inwardly this particular paradigm of human resource management, individual stakeholders within leadership and management are of the understanding that unique metrics and guidelines for the way in which employees and the employer should relate with one another are best relayed from the top down. Within this clearly structured approach, other management utilizes and leverages middle management and subsequent supervisors as a factor of relating their overall goals and expectations to stakeholders within the very bottom layers of the organizational structure (Fong et al., 2011). Whereas this particular approach can be useful in terms of defining a company culture in a speedy manner, the ultimate level to which it can stick is oftentimes somewhat limited. Furthermore, as will be discussed at further death laser within the analysis, this particular approach does not necessarily lend itself

Investment Advice for Microsoft Research Proposal

Investment Advice for Microsoft - Research Proposal ExampleMicrosoft - major industry player - is headed by Mr. Steven A. Balmer, Microsofts 49- category old Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The companys co-founder, the illustrious Mr. Bill Gates, overly sits in the Board of Directors and acts as its Chief Technological Architect. As at end of the fiscal year 2005, Mr. Balmer along with the early(a) directors of the company received an average annual salary of about $1.0 million each. As a global company, Microsoft operates in various countries across the world. The headquarter is located at One Microsoft Way in Redmond, Washington D.C. Direct competitors of Microsoft include other formidable companies such as Google Inc., International Business Machines Corp. (IBM) and prophesier Corp. In call of sales, Microsoft came in second to IBM as at end-June 2005. However, Microsoft has stick on the highest net income as compared to other industry players. Based on the above financial hig hlights, it can be seen that sales of Microsoft are steady accelerating as evidenced by the moderate sales growth in the last three years. In the same way, the income the company generated as at end-June 2005 has recovered from the decline in the previous year. The sales and income posted by Microsoft are well above the industry average in 2005. Similarly, Microsoft has consistently proven its aptitude to convert sales into income in the past three years as seen in the companys net profit margin. Its 3-year average of 28% is higher than the industry average of only 23.5%. In terms of liquidity, Microsoft is highly liquid since it has more than sufficient current assets to cover its current liabilities. As such it has a high current ratio that sends a positive signal to investors.

Financial Accounting Week 8 Course Project Assignment

Financial Accounting Week 8 Course proletariat - Assignment ExampleThis paper tends to illustrate the different methods of disparagement and analyse the comparison between them with their effect in financial reporting in a business (Rezaee & Riley 2010).It is the widely used method in the United States by several companies and firms. This method charges equal amount of dispraise in each business relationship period throughout the business period. It is applied by getting the difference between a federations additions diachronic cost and its salvage value, the outcome is divided by the summations useful liveness. This method has a uniform and stable effect on business revenues and the asset value remains stable and is predictable throughout the accounting periods of the assets useful life (Cunningham & Cunningham 2004).This method assigns equal amount of expense to each unit of production of an asset or the utility rendered by the asset. It involves determining the depreciati on per unit of an asset by getting the difference between its historical cost and the salvage value, then dividing by the estimated units of production during its useful life. The company then determines the expense associated with the depreciation by multiplying the unit depreciation by the number of units produced (Benston 2006).This method of depreciation has varying effects on a companys assets depending on the units of production. If the units of production atomic number 18 more, then the depreciation expense in the balance sheet will also be more, while less units of production leads to lesser depreciation expense (Rezaee & Riley 2010).Under this method, the amount of depreciation is determined by multiplying the depreciable costs by fractions based on the sum of the assets useful life. This method often results in write-offs than the straight-line method however the write-offs are less than the double-declining method (Cunningham & Cunningham 2004).This method has an effect on the

The Extinction of Baiji Essay Example for Free

The Extinction of Baiji EssayThe Baiji, also know as the Chinese River Dolphin, are part of the family Plantanistiade, the river dolphin family. They had exsited in the Yangtze River in China for thousand of years. Nevertheless, the Baiji was of late declared extinct. The baijis demise can be attributed to over fishing, its lethal environment and the colossal jump out Forward in China. Excessive and illegal fishing was a great threat to the baijis focal point of life. Electric fishing and the fishing method called ringlet hooks were been banned in China. However, fishermen on the Yangtze River nevertheless use them out of convenience, and enforcement of the ban was difficult. The expert Zhou states, This (electic) fishing method, in which an under waterdevice is used to beat aquatic animals, kills any organism induding what was once the dolphins prey. 40 percent of Dolphins deaths were due to this diverseness of fishing annually (Gerg Ruland). In addition, rolling hooks, long, braided lines with numerous sharp hooks are meant to jot fish, caused a number of baiji death.As long as the baiji was caught by one of the hooks, it would struggle with more rolling hooks. Finally, the blood flew out of the baijis body, and it would die. (Requiem for a Freashwater Dolphin) . The environment in the Yangtze River, where the baiji had settled its habitat in, was fatal to the baiji. employment on the Yangtza River, which is the busiest in the field, damaged the sense of hearing of the baiji. Lovgren in his article states that, The large-ship traffic on the Yangtze, one of the worlds busiest waterways, confounds the sonic wave that the nearly blind dolphin used to depend on to take care food. Moreover, the boats on the Yangtze attracted a number of the baiji to collide with propellers, since the propellers produced much of the sound wave and confused the baijis audition (Ruland). Another assignable cause that destroyed the baijis habitat was dams along the Y angtze River.Thes dams further destroyed the environmental science of the river. And when the biggest dam, the Three Gorges Hydroelectric Dam in 1994, began to be constructed, this wreaked havoc on the baijis remaining habitat. In 1997, only 13 baiji remained (The Tragedy of the Yangtze River Dolphin). People take the big advantage of the valuable nature resources, funding near by the Yangtze. However, because of the intemperate use, the baiji could not survive in the perishing environment and finally die. However, neither Chinese people nor the Chinese government kept the protection of the species in mind during the time period of the Great Leap Forward, which was the time to change China into a modern, industrialized communist society. The baijis population declined dramatically at the time.The baiji was denounced for their historical status, Goddess of the Yangtze River (Smith, et al). As a result people were encouraged to kill the baiji, since the story of this species was reg arded as a part of superstition and feudalism. The baiji also killed for their white skin and flesh(Smith, et al) . It was encouraged for the contemporary to kill the baiji, since they negotiate baiji as their profit and the symbol of the bad traditional influence. In conclusion, the quenching of the baiji resulted from human activities. People who stick up near by the Yangtze improved their live depended on the destroying the baijis habitat and capturing the baiji. The tragedy of the baijis extinction came at a price while the living standard of people was promoted.

Fpl Harvard Business Casw Essay Example for Free

Fpl Harvard Business Casw assayThe fourth largest electric value company in the United States and the largest electric utility in Florida is the FPL Group, which form in 1925 from the consolidation of several gas and electric companies. FPL as a company continued to move around after 1925 because the ever increasing Florida population demanded more and more electricity. This trend continued until the 1970s when ope rating(a) problems, and the rising cost of fuel and construction, caused a reduction of the companys profitability.To address this issue, then chairwoman Marshall McDonald, decided to make four major acquisitions Colonial Penn Life Insurance Company, Telesat C sufficientvision Inc. , CBR cultivation Group Inc. , and Turner Foods Corporation. FPL also attempted to improve operations by employing 1,700 teams for select control to happen upon ways to improve operations. This notion lead FPL to be recognized as matchless of the best-managed US corporations, when t he quality control teams found ways to improve efficiency within FPL by decreasing customer complaints by 60%, and decreasing downtime operations by 12%.Despite these enhancements, FPL still had company troubles to include problems with a nuclear plant, demand was growing at a faster pace in the 1980s than expected, one of their acquisitions had lost $250 million since being acquired, and employee morale was low due to all the in the buff management regulations. Kate Stark, the electric utilities analyst at First Equity Securities Corporation came across a decision involving this Florida electric utility company, FPL. The decision begins with the buzz that FPL may decide to freeze its dividend at $2. 8 per sh atomic number 18 or hitherto capabilityly reduce the dividend at FPLs annual meeting. Kate had earlierly valued FPL with a hold recommendation three weeks earlier with the belief that FPL leave alone either keep its dividend pay reveal at $2. 48 or meagerly increase it. However, with the news of this new rumor about FPL dividends, FPL hackneyed price fell by 6% because a freeze of the dividend would mean that FPL would end a 47-year streak of annual dividend increases. Now Kate is reconsidering her hold rating and contemplated issuing a new updated report to revise her investment recommendation.It is now to decided how a change, if any, to the up-to-date dividend policy would affect shareholders, which option would have the greatest benefit to the shareholders and FPL, and what should be advised to investors with regard to FPL railway line. two theories of dividends come up with the FPL Group. The first theory is the Signaling Hypothesis and the second theory would be the business enterprise Effect. The Signaling Theory is essentially the theory that managers of a certain company have better cultivation and are more informed internally about a firms hereafter prospects than the public stockholders.Future dividends are paid out of future pro fits, so any change in dividends to be paid is viewed as an indication of what future profits are going to be. Thus, when dividends are increased or decreased, stock prices function to increase or decrease. The second theory relevant to the FPL group dividend policy is the Clientele Effect. Different business concerns of stockholders respect diverse dividend payout ratios. Different firms also have altering ways of calculating and paying out dividends.Thus, when a firm switches its payout ratio a circulating(prenominal) clientele result leave and a different clientele depart join. The rule of thumb is that if more investors leave or leave faster than a new clientele could replace them, then there could be a temporarily depressed share price. on that point are two important issues that are facing the FPL Group in the May of 1994. The first is the concerns of likely competition resulting from industry deregulation and the second is the reexamination of a high dividend payout ra tio already previously noted.The arrival of retail revolve from the National Energy Policy Act of 1992 threatens to change the shape of the built-in electric utilities industry. The Florida Public Service Commission is not currently considering a retail roll proposal, and the current trend in the industry is to increase the competition. The implementation of such a proposal, however, would expose FPL to numerous competitors and possible losses, for example, as shown in California California had already implemented a retail wheeling program and the program had a severe adverse effect on the three major utilities in that state.Competing with rival utilities must now be a primary concern of FPL and FPL now needs to delay that it has the ability to meet the challenge of competition from both in state and out of state providers. The current payout ratio is too high from FPLs perspective because they need the extra capital to be able to stock new projects if the new wheeling regulat ions were to be implemented. FPL just could not afford to pay out 90% of its earnings given the possible need to expand in the face of new competition.Although FPL has had success in the past and present, the threat of retail wheeling means FPL must hold on to cash. continuing a high payout ratio just isnt feasible because of the severe challenges FPL would face if the retail wheeling plans were put into action. FPL must be prepared for this eventuality, so FPL needs the funds to ensure financial perceptual constancy while protecting future profitability. A lower payout ratio would allow FPL to have the capital infallible to hedge itself from losing big to increasing competition. The problem now lies in the confidence of investors if FPL were to cut dividends.It is to believe that FPL will indeed cut their dividends or freeze them at the least to insure financial stability in times where the future is uncertain. The additional retained earnings from a reduction or halt of divide nd payout will open opportunities for FPL to compete in a new open market, reduce their debt ceiling for added cash to fund and expand new opportunities for growth and allow for a more industry standard payout ratio for future growth. This may not at first be what a shareholder would want to see, but the affirmative outlook for the long run, outweigh the negative impacts of the short run.As a result of this analysis, FPL looks to be a very reliable investment for the future with a positive upside for future growth potential however the only drawback would be how much exactly a dividend cut would actually affect the initial stock price, which is hard to tell. Kate Stark should absolutely keep her hold recommendation on FPL stock for the previous conceived reasons. There are no notions to believe FPL is in any urgent financial trouble or that there will be a drastic dividend cut.FPLs stock will fall with the promulgation of a dividend freeze or reduction it is just a matter of how much. There is an upside potential for FPL and there is evidence that they will be prepared for more competition. The FPL stock price again will drop initially with the announcement of a dividend freeze or reduction, but hold on to the stock to not take a loss, and continue to hold the stock because the FPL group provides sound evidence that the stock price will continue to rise in the near future.ReferencesWelch, Jonathan B., and Anand Venkateswaran. The dual sustainability of wind energy. Renewable and sustainable Energy Reviews 13.5 (2009) 1121-1126.Soosay, Claudine, Andrew Fearne, and Benjamin Dent. Sustainable value chain analysisa case study of Oxford arrive from vine to dine. Supply Chain Management An external Journal 17.1 (2012) 68-77.Pitman, Glen, et al. QFD application in an educational setting. International Journal of Quality Reliability Management (2013).Plant, Robert, Leslie Willcocks, and Nancy Olson. Measuring e-business performance towards a revised balanced ide ntity card approach. Information Systems and e-business Management 1.3 (2003) 265-281.Evelyn, John J., and Neil J. DeCarlo. Customer focus helps utility see the light. Journal of Business dodge 13.1 (1992) 8-12.Gupta, Neeraj J., and Christina C. Benson. Sustainability and competitive advantage an empirical study of value creation. (2011).

Computerized System Essay Example for Free

Computerized System Essay7.1 Architectural Design7.1.1 Entity-Relationship drawFig. 7.1.1 Database modelOn the figure above, the table occurrence_description contains information about the items in the inventory. This is where the data for new items testament be stored and updating of information of existing items takes place. Notice that, the table critical_items has only two attribute which is term that identifies the critical item if it is low or not. The exploit table is where the governing body stores data regarding individual effect while item_trans table focuses on list of items and its total price. 7.2 System Function7.2.1 Physical Data extend DiagramFig. 7.2.1 Physical DFDThe system mainly consists of functions for sales and inventory management. A guest orders an item and the system checks the inventory by accessing the defeat item table. New items can be added by the management and the master item record is updated as such. A process computes the total price for the items ordered by victimization the input from the customer and data(prices) from the inventory master table. After the transaction, admit entrust be given to the customer and both the inventory record and sales record are updated. If the system detects any item to be at critical level, a notification leave behind be sent to the management.7.2.2 User InterfaceFig. 7.2.2.1 principal(prenominal) MenuThis is the interface where the substance abuser has access to all function of the system (Fig. 7.2.2.1). The first thing that will show up when the user runs the system is the button with a text of V. When the user clicks the V button the five buttons and upon clicking the inventory and report button their sub items will also reckon and when the user clicks one of these buttons (Point of Sale, View Inventory, Update Inventory, Add Inventory, Critical Items, View Sales Report, and View Inventory report) the visibility of all buttons will be disabled and hence the desired form of the user will issue on the gray space.The sub buttons of Inventory is where the user viewing of inventory and critical items ( if theres any ), update, and adding of inventory. The sub buttons of reports is where the user views the sales and inventory report of the system, the help button mainly focuses on how to use it or what we call user manual and about the system.Fig. 7.2.2.2 Point of SaleLastly, this form is where the transaction between the manager and the customer takes place. First thing that the user will do is choose an item code and then the quantity for the item and it will automatically compute for the price after that, he will have to click the add item button then the item will appear on the white space on the right side and then a message will prompt if he indispensableness to add another or not if he doesnt want to add another item the uwser will require to input the customers payment and clicking the fat transaction button will prompt another message if the user is sure about the transaction. And then if the user is sure, the system will prompt another message if he want to print the receipt or not.

Attendance Requirement in College Essay Example for Free

Attendance fate in College EssayAttending college is supposed to signify freedom to make choices regarding schooling. However, many students who plans to continue their education realize that college does not give this freedom. In some countries, college students are expected to attend classes that they have register. However, should attending be mandatory in college? Even though some think that college attending should be flexible, I believe that college attendance should be mandatory. The first reason why college attendance should be mandatory is the wish of understanding. For example, Students who attend regularly classes have better opportunity to understand the courses what are done in class, magic spell students who do not attend classes bequeath not understand. Also, because students who attend regularly the classes understand the courses, they have a better chance to have good grades during test. On the contrary, students who do not attend classes, and do not unde rstand the courses they get bad grades during test. Indeed, college attendance should be mandatory to help all the students understand the courses. other reason why college attendance should be mandatory is it ca-ca relationships. College attendance build relation mingled with students and students. In college, there is many ways to meet friends that you can count on in the succeeding(a) such as joining a club, or in class. Students who do not attend college classes impart not have these opportunities. College also build relation between students and teachers. Students who attend classes have the opportunity to fill out their teachers.Teachers have the same opportunity to know their students, and that relation between them will help the teachers to know the students lacks and detect ways to help them. On the other hand, students who do not attend school will be stuck with his lacks. Opponents believe that mandatory attendance policies does not go under life lesson categories. If students do not turn out up at the classes, they register that will not affect them in the real world. However, I believe it does go under life lesson categories.If students get into the habit of not showing at classes, they register that will affect them in the real world. For example, if you do not show at work, you will be fired. College attendance should be mandatory to avoid that habit. In conclusion, College attendance should be mandatory to help students understand their course, to build relationship between students/ students and students/ teacher and to avoid bad habit. Nowadays, many students are skipping classes. In my opinion, college attendance should be mandatory.

Innovation and Design Strategy Essay Example for Free

Innovation and normal Strategy EssaySamsung Electronics Innovation and Design Strategy Introduction The case study commences with the consolidation of innovative aspiration and brand management by Samsung Electronics which started a new trend in the electronics industry. As discussed in the case, initially Samsung was not much democratic and lacked design identity but later it relocated itself by * Improvement in the product schooling processes * Increasing their investments in RD and product design i. e. RD sphericization. * By adopting right innovation strategies. By mastering the less(prenominal) tangible, more intuitive qualities of superior design. By diversification of products and step by step or running(prenominal) improvement. * Implementing Global localization strategy. * Achieving Vision of leading in digital convergence by utilise e-processes (electronic integration of processes by going online). All these methods were implemented by Samsung in order to improv e its productivity and to off competitive advantage over its competitors like LG Electronics, Sony, Apple Computer Inc. , etc. Despite this, Samsung is facing the contend to stay ahead in competition in the near future.Consumer electronics industry is facing a uncollectible competition and the need of the our is to optimize the R D costs, having relevant information regarding the IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) while design outsourcing and using appropriate product design followed by appropriate market strategy. Case Analysis As mentioned in the case, the background of Samsung can be discussed in a tabular form * Started by Byung-Chull leeward in 1939 as an exporter of agricultural products. I * Samsung Electronics established in 1969 followed by product diversification.I * strategic Joint Ventures with NEC, Sanyo and Corning Glass work in 1970 Brought 50% stake in Korea Semiconductor Inc. I * attainment of Korea Semiconductor Inc. in 1978 followed by the successful impleme ntation of reverse engineered product design I * just integration by developing their own ICs DRAMS(Dynamic Random Access Memories in 1985 Focus on qualitative growth than quantitative growth in 1990 * Loosening of import restrictions by South Korean governance I And Samsung obtaind price competitiveness in 1991. * In 1992, Samsung established RD center in European markets.I * In 1994, Samsung established RD center in US markets. I * In 1997, Samsung cuts its Korean and overseas workforces due to Asian Financial crises. I * In 1999, Samsung was regarded as worlds prime(a) consumer goods and services industry By Forbes. I * In 2000, Samsung embarked vision to convert itself into a Digital- e company. * increase design staff and 2004 * In 2005, Samsung increased its design budget by 20%-30% * In 2006, Samsung registered 17,377 patents world(a) I * In 2007, Samsung held management, product design and investment in RD provided them advantages over its competitors.Hence, they c hange step by step with the product iversification, Mergers and Acquisitions, vertical integration and implementation of new technology. They were aggressively involved in merchandising and improving their brand image in the minds of their customers. The Samsungs learning and leveraging matrix can be explained as Dedicated business units e. g. Informal technology transfer I New venture department or division, e. g. skunkworks( Investments in RDs) I Independent business unit, e. g.Predivestment or potential spinout I Direct integration or business team ( Vertical Integration by developing their own ICS) I High wiped out(p) Leveraging existing competencies Innovation and product Design at Samsung Electronics Samsung Electronics leading position was contributed by the enlisted factors * fictive people in the organization which contributed in the development of technology. * Co-operation between the business partners throughout the supply fibril * Firms ability in exploring end penet rating into the new markets * Speed of innovation and product development.Along with this Samsung besides increased the investments in their RD centers. After doing the trend analysis for the Exhibit 3 which shows the Samsung RD udget and percentage sales, We arrive at the conclusion that the Samsungs RD budget increased till the year 2007 linearly. But there is tumble in the percentage of sales in the year 2007, which suggests that the Samsung will need to rethink this strategy. There is an urgent need to optimize the cost related to Samsungs RD expenditure to prevent the decline of sales in future.Samsung globalized their RD engagement worldwide to develop technologies which can be commercialized in the future. Basically the main idea behind(predicate) the globalization of RD network is to * Focus n innovation and generating new products for global market. * There is a enormous scope of product improvement. * This provides an access to the emerging markets. * Leverages the market opportunity for the firm. User- Centric Design Philosophy Samsungs philosophical system was to strike the balance between the reasons and feelings.This was done by them with the rationalization of the design of product by using geometric and technological parameters and enhancing the design to the product so that it can make the emotional connection with the user. Their global localization strategy helped them to become a top class consumer lectronics company. Marketing Samsung used electronic processes to achieve their vision of leading in digital convergence. The Convergence and integration between manufacturing, promotion distribution of electronics include releasing, promoting and marketing.This * Helped in product differentiation * Better value propositions or bundle of benefits to the customers. This graph shows net sales and operating profit of Samsung Electronics 2007 Samsung Electronics E-processes comprised of The SCM, RD management and Customer management process es were ntegrated with ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). ERP implementation provided them a wider access to the Samsung Electronics operations. This improved their overall processes and improved efficiency.

Embracing Technological Change Essay Example for Free

Embracing Technological Change EssayTo what extent is embracement technological miscellanea the most significant factor aside in the emerging success of UK manufacturing rail linees? Justify your adjudicate with reference to your own research and the decimal point above. (40 marks)engineering is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, particularly in industry. It can be argued that skills and other factors are considerably more important than technological change, for the future success of UK manufacturing businesses. Yet I disagree, I view technological change to be the most significant. In this essay, I am going to talk about several companies in which engineering is vital.Firstly, at bottom the diet sectors, technology is absolutely essential. This is due to the bespeak to adapt, not only to changes in demand, but from a business perspective too. As in the food sector, technology leads for food makers to lower cost, by having machinery do ing menial tasks much(prenominal) as filling cans or producing such items such as Walkers Crisps. Walkers factory in Leicester is amongst the largest crisp performance plants in the world, producing over 11 million bags of crisps per day and using 800 tons of potatoes. This process mostly maps machinery to cook, piquantness and package the crisps, as military mans would not be able to withstand the amount of work undeniable to fulfil the demand. Technology has allowed Walkers to move from hand-sliced and fried potatoes in the 1880s, to mass machinery fruit.This shows that technology has allowed them to produce new products, and with this change has declare oneselfd investment allowing the business to further grow into a commercialize glide byer. It is not only within the production of food stuffs that technology has changed businesses, but in selling the goods too, as Tesco and Asda, have excessively implemented technology into their processes. The large super commerciali ses use technology to implement processes such as lean production, which encompasses the Just In duration technique.Tescos have been able to use this so that storage isnt used up with unnecessary goods, as when an item is scanned at the checkout, it then logs into the computer, and when that item is low on stock, then an order is sent directly to the warehouse or supplier. This technique means that there is no wastage of stock, and reduces time wastage too as the manager doesnt need to assess the re maining stock throughout the day. Also, as robots are becoming cheaperand slowly more advanced, it has seen the sales of them go up by 28% in 2013 in the food sector, once again present how technology plays a large part in UK manufacturing.However, in contrast, technology isnt vital for Crockett Jones of Northampton. This shoe alliance was founded in 1879. It began with 20 employees hand cutting and tanning leather. As technology developed, the attach to did begin to use it, yet o nly on the smallest of tasks, in order to not lose the significance of the hand fictional character goods which they gained their reputation for. Despite not using a lot of technology, they still have implemented nearly, which shows again how important technological change is to UK manufacturing.Yet in the self-propelling sector, technology is viewed to be vital, as it allows from timberland and precision to be improved greatly. This is shown in the case of Jaguar Land Rover, where they produce premium cars that provide excellent flavor, whilst world assembled quickly. This has been successful due to the implementation of robotics and automation, whilst also cut back the costs of production too. The costs are reduced, because the business is seen to be more efficient due to the greater amounts of precision and lack of human error, which in turn reduces wastage. Another point as to why technology is significant in the automotive sector is that these advancements allow for each customer to have the critical car they want in the exact specification. For example, robotics for painting to be quicker, allowing for change to happen in the shortest possible time, again reducing time wastage.With this reducing costs, it means that these increased levels in profits can lead to future product development, such as giving more investment to RD to bewilder more innovative, olibanum gaining a competitive advantage. The RD may lead to investments into such technologies as Green Technology, which encompasses a continuously evolving group o methods and materials, from techniques for generating energy to non-toxic cleaning products, thus allowing products to be more sustainable. By doing this it allows for companies to meet the needs of society, which can continue into the future without damaging or depleting natural resources.Already, green technology is playing a massive part in Uk manufacturing, with the 60bn a category industry managing to save nearly180,000 tonnes of CO2 in 2012. Toyota are leading the way for Green Technology in the UK, with their production plant situated in Wales. They produce the Prius, which, has near to zero emissions, which offers incentives from the government, such as lower road tax. Green Technologies have broadened the visionary design of the car of tomorrow, which if the UK wish to be market leaders, with a large customer base then they should further implement this technology available to them. The BMW i3 is a key example of this, as it is emissions free, and acts as a USP, heightening BMWs success and allowing them to be market leaders.In contrast, companies such as Rolls Royce, pride themselves on quality, bespoke, hand-made vehicles. Despite being the only car manufacturer in the FTSE100, they invest 7.53% of their revenue in RD, yet they do not pride themselves on technology being needed as a USP. As it is said that each car produce by them is individual, as it is hand made, by well-trained craftsmen. Their premium price shows the prestige that they portray, and the amount of skill put into the cars. So this shows that Rolls Royce customers value quality above technology when they buy this car, which has lead to the business becoming so successful.On the other hand, in some sectors of UK manufacturing embracing technological change is not the most significant factor in the future success of UK manufacturing, as skills are required to incorporate the technology into the business. Skills may also be considered to be more important as they allow for quality and premium prices to be associated with some products. For example, I M Kelly, has become the mettle of excellence for automotive interior leather trim within the United Kingdom, whilst also diversifying into Rail and Passenger Aircraft industries. The company was established in 1975 and its head office and main production facility is situated in Northamptonshire, a figure point for high quality leather. The company also has a second production facility on the outskirts of Coventry, which thus allows it to be closer to the centre of the UK allowing for easier transport and delivery to such automotive manufactures as Jaguar Land Rover, Bentley, Aston Martin and Lotus.These prestigious, premium brands illustrate the quality that I M Kelly produce, due to the high level ofskills from their employees. These skills are used in tandem with the street smart technology, allowing them to produce outstanding quality, and exceed their customers expectations. Due to the type of leather work carried out here, means that robots or machines cant sew small intricate stitches into the gear sticks, or along the direction wheel, again showing where skills are beneficial. The UK government have also seen to play an active role in promoting how important skills are, with David Cameron giving fast-track visas to technology experts from outside of the UK. Whilst other businesses have called for increased investment into the educati on of scientists and engineers in schools, such as the Jaguar Land Rover apprenticeship scheme. Yet there are many sectors that do not require skills to be too important, meaning that skills are not vital for every company.In conclusion, in the short term, it is arguable that skills are of utmost importance in progressing the future development of UK manufacturing, as it allows for the technology to be created and implemented. Shown by David Cameron being keen to fast track technology experts. Yet that rehearsal also shows that the experts are needed for the technology only, so in the long term technology depart be more significant. As the world is continually using up more of the natural resources, and their being a greater need for the reduction of wastage and emissions, it is clear that technology is the only way to achieve this. As it was due to old technologies that this mess occurred in the first place. Therefore by using technology to become innovative, to reduce costs and attract more demand, it will lead to UK manufacturing businesses to be more successful. Which will allow for manufacturing sectors to become world market leaders.

Effects of Bilingualism Essay Example for Free

Effects of Bi clapperlism EssayIntroductionThe use of mother diction in attainment allows students to learn the lesson quickly. It helps them to read and probably write quickly. (Yolanda Quijano, 1994). The use of the Philippine language in teaching develops long learners who are proficient in the use of their native language and other languages. (Mona Valisino, 2006) Using the mother tongue of a student forms their critical thinking skills, drawing conclusions and making comparisons. (Ocampo, Fajardo, et al, 1990). Filipino was declared as the lingua franca because it is the language that is beingness spoken and understood by majority of the Filipinos, that is why Filipino should be employ in education. (Dr. Rosaryo Yu, U.P. SWF) However, the English language is the universal language. It is used commercially and it is too a factor for success in the business domain of a function.English is likewise widely used as reading and instructional materials. Furthermore, it h elps individuals to be globally competitive that is why English is used as medium of instruction in schoolhouses. (Rebecca Al cantara, et al, 1996) agree to the 1986 Philippine constitution, the Philippine educational system implemented the use of bilingualism in all levels of educational institutions in our country. Bilingual education aims to use both English and Filipino as medium of instruction for students to fulfill quality education with the help of the collaboration of the two languages. (Tony Rimando, 1994, Manila bulletin) This research aims to know the personal effects of bilingualism to the donnish performance of the fourth twelvemonth student in Pasig Catholic College.Statement of the ProblemBilingualism is used in schools all over the Philippines as instructed by the Department of Education. One of the schools that implement bilingualism is Pasig Catholic College. In this light, the researchers would similar to identify the effect of bilingualism to the academic p erformance of fourth year students in Pasig Catholic College. This study also aims to answer the following questions a) What are the advantages of bilingualism to the academic performance of the fourth year high school students in Pasig Catholic College? b) What are the disadvantages of bilingualism to the academic performance of the fourth year high school students in Pasig Catholic College?Significance of the StudyThe researchers would like this study to help Pasig Catholic College in determining the effects of bilingualism to the academic performance of the fourth year high school students. Specifically, this section ordain provide a instruct description on the several significances of the research about the effects of bilingualism to the academic performance of the fourth year high school students in Pasig Catholic College. This study will be more likely to be significant to the following persons To students.This study provides evidence to students about the effects of bilingu alism to their academic performance. To teachers. This study will serve teachers to have a deeper understanding to the said bilingual education. By this study they can come up with new teaching techniques to offer their students a repair education. To prospective researcher. This study will benefit the future researchers as their guide and reference in making a similar research. Moreover, this study can also open an opportunity to the development of this study.Scope and Delimitation of the studyThis study will cover the effects of bilingualism to the academic performance of the fourth year high school students of Pasig Catholic College. The researchers will include distinct procedures and. This study will be done by selected fourth year High School students during the school year 2012-2013. The researcher will gather data using different books, clippings, and websites. They will also take in a survey to be given to fourth year high school students. This study will be conducted on the school year 2012-2013.Chapter 2REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDYThis chapter presents pull together information which has relevance to the study and can serve as reference in understanding the genius of the topic. The following facts and data were collected from different books, encyclopedias, websites, magazines, and other thesis papers.Related LiteratureNowadays, majority of the worlds population is bilingual or multilingual than monolingual. This trend also positivistly affects cognitive abilities of commonwealth around the world. Researchers have shown that the bilingual brain can have better attention and task-switching capacities than the monolingual brain. Additionally, bilingualism has positive effects at both ends of the age spectrum Bilingual children as young as seven months can better adjust to environmental changes, while bilingual seniors can experience less cognitive worsen (Marian, V Spivey, M, 2003). Being bilingual can have different benefits. The improvements in thinking and physical bear upon determined by bilingual experience whitethorn help a bilingual person to better process information in the environment, leading to a richer learning. This kind of improved attention to factor may help explain why bilingual adults learn a third language better than monolingual adults learn a second language (Gollan, T. H., Acenas, L. A., 2004).Related StudyBilingualism causes misconception to students as well as to the teachers. It is also one of the reasons why students could not speak English fluently. The tendency is that they mix up the two languages which results in taglish words or phrases. Students also encounter difficulty in translating Filipino words to English and viciousness versa. Studying both languages at the same time causes minimal fluency in either Filipino or English since their focus is not constant in one language. Other students could not pull themselves in English because they are used in speaking in Filipino which results in being an uncompetitive student when it comes to English (Madriaga, Nazareno, et al, 2001).

Education For Life Essay Example for Free

procreation For Life EssayEducation For LifeThe basic purpose of a liberal humanities direction is to manumit the human being to exercise his or her potential to the fullest. Liberal arts plays an significant role in developing individuals and the world. When students dish up liberal art colleges, they go forth understand the essence of humanity and will canvass to bring about and develop personal values. For a person to develop, he needs to understand the essence of humanity. When you attend college, your view on the meaning of life changes. You live for your minds and spirits and not just for the security of textile wealth (Urbanek).You start to do things related to your work as this is your interest. This will make you c ar less(prenominal) about material wealth and you will focus to a greater extent on the emolument of the world than the benefit of yourself. Liberal arts means arts of freedom. People arrest about things that interest them. This makes the experie nce of acquirement better. Students will recognize the value of material things for what they are (Urbanek). They will start challenging tasks of design where they would learn how to translate ideas into actions.They will get to know the depth, flexibility and openness of their thinking and will also be able to recognize the importance of their thinking. Taking these ideas into consideration, I can say that liberal arts teaches deal global responsibility, social awareness and self development, which is the essence of humanity. Thus, when the essence of humanity is known, then only a person will be able to acquire personal values. The value of liberal arts was appreciated by the students in older times but contemporary students do not share the aforementioned(prenominal) sentiment.In 1900, 70 percent of college students in US attended liberal arts colleges but forthwith fewer that 5 percent do. The idea has taken hold by educators that todays youth are more materialistic, less id ealistic and more self interested than their predecessors (Richard). In 1997, Yankelovitch survey center on towering school students and their parents, found that 85 percent of the high school students and 74 percent of their parents stated that the finale of college is to get a practical education and to secure a job. Furthermore, only 14 percent of the students and 27percent of their parents were even off familiar with what a liberal art education is.Todays students tend to be career oriented, impatient and foc dropd in material rewards (Kahn). People do not know that liberal arts can offer a clearer understanding that work embodies the values of courage, honour and responsibility. Liberal art colleges expose you to a mixing of academic disciplines and an excellent background for future work. The education gives you the king to adapt to a changing environment, excrete effectively, think critically and solve complex problems, which can prove very useful in ordinary lives.A s you acquire personal values end-to-end your college years, it is important to learn how to constellation these values. I recall that the central purpose of liberal arts education is to shape the values of people. The impact of liberal arts education on student value change is conclusive in determining whether higher education is effective in achieving this central purpose. According to a survey conducted at the University of California at Los Angeles, 8 out of 10 academics said they were spiritual, and 64 percent called themselves religious.More than half of the faculty members said that it was important to enhance undergraduates self-understanding and to develop their moral character and values. I think liberal arts is a keen way to teach people their spiritual and moral responsibilities towards the community and world itself. Humanitarian values are defined by acceptance of value equivalency between ones own loyalties and those of all other individuals and groups, as surfac e as respecting the rights of others to freely express similar claims and loyalties without infringement (Hollway).Values serve as guiding principles in the life of a person or other social entity and thus, it is important for people to learn how to shape these values. Values are described as serving the interests of some social entity, motivating action, giving direction, and having aroused intensity (Hollway). Therefore, these values are needed for the development of individuals. When individuals possess these values, they will be able to use them in their society. Employers around the world are looking for people who possess these values and have the ability to use them.Hence, liberal arts students will satisfy these employers. These students will also find opportunities to learn more as their primary goal is not material wealth. This will help countries to better their economy. These values will benefit the students themselves as well as the world. Once a person understands the essence of humanity and learns to shape and develop values, he will be able to make changes to the world. Liberal arts students have the skills to experience valuable community members.They make decisions, solve problems and communicate the solutions to others. Liberal arts prepares these students to be successful throughout their life. WORKS CITEDUrbanek, Jennifer. The EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007 Kahn, Beverly. Co-opting The Market Place. diary of Higher Education p. 19. EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007 Richard, M. The Practical Path, Too, Can Be High-Minded. Chronicle of Higher Education p. 11. EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007 Hollway, Michael. A Comparison of the Impact of 2 Liberal Arts. Journal of General Education p. 237. EBSCOhost. 28 Oct. 2007.

Medias Influence on Civil Rights Movement Essay Example for Free

Medias Influence on courtly Rights Movement EssayThe savagery with which official would have quelled the black individual became sterile when it could non be pursued with stealth and remain unobserved. It was caughtas a fugitive from a penitentiary is often caughtin gigantic circling spotlights. It was imprisoned in a luminous gl atomic number 18 revealing the in the raw truth to the unanimous world Martin Luther King (8, Kasher) The media controls the way the exoteric views a controversial all the samet. It can hit the illusion that everything is perfect by leaving out important information, or can reveal the poisonous truth as the media did during the polite Rights Movement. It was not unceasingly that way though, during the colonial Era the media glossed over the brutality African Americans approach. It was not until the photography and recorders were invented that the media could really no longer deny the awful reality of the African Americans lives. With the Civil Rights Movement as an example, the media has evolved into a more than(prenominal) reliable source. As history goes on, African Americans argon being reported on more truthfully the media has evolved into a more objective source containing more factual information.During 1700s, blacks were dehumanized and treated as animals they cooked, ga in that locationd and did anything their master ordered. When they finally took a stance and immovable to revolt they were lynched. Yet, in the eyes of the media whites were the heroes. Instead of reporting on the revolts with objectivity, the reporters commonly asserted their thinkings into the articles, In the retiring(a) white news media ignored positive images of African American life (10, Kasher). No matter what the adventure was the white man always was superior. Through the medias perspective, the whites were harmless and superior to the blacks.In an article from the Colonial Era when the slave revolts occurred the slaves were po rtrayed to be villains. The article stated, They conspired to murder all the Christians here and by that fashion thinking to obtain their Freedom They put their bloody design in Execution and setting gust to a House, they stood prepared with Arms to kill everybody that approachd to put it out and accordingly barbarously murdered the following persons that were running to the fireThis has put us into no small Consternation the whole Town being under Arms (Boston News Letter, April 14, 1712).Besides objectivity, the article failed to inform the public of the brutalities the slaves faced everyday. Never did the article state what happened to the slaves after the incident either. However, when slavery was abolished the black man was not always viewed as the villain. Nonetheless they were definitely not treated equally compared to whites, which fueled their fight for equal rights. Without the media, the Civil Rights Movement would have never been successful.The pictures and videos of t he violence the blacks tolerated from white supremacists helped their cause because the photos and videos were undeniable. No longer were the black nation viewed as villains. Scenes unthinkable to Americans as American were shown to America and all the world. Public Sympathy and financial support, as well as political backing, flowed to movement organizations (8 Kasher). The Emmett Till Case was an amazing example of this, the Jet and sugar Defender (both leading periodicals), reported on the story.The papers both included a picture of his swollen face as the aftermath of his horrific death. His case would transform the minds of many during that decade. From the attention the pictures of Emmett Till caused, the media recognised that shocking pictures made people want to read the articles. Also, the newspapers could not produce fake pictures, which forced them to be more truthful in their stories (Kasher 8). Currently, racism is still an issue in the United States but the thrust has helped bring awareness to the issue.For example, there are multiple blogs on how the world is still segregated even though there are no laws to support it. With the rise Internet, anyone is able to blog about their opinion on something or bring attention to a problem that is not being covered in the media. According to the book Blog by David Kline and Dan Burstein, the average writer is over forty, which means there is not a lot of new and fresh ideas brought to the table for newspapers and magazines (373 Kline and Burstein). However, with the new and upcoming trend of blogging there are a variety of opinions and ideas.Also, social networking has enabled people to communicate faster and its harder for the government or mechanical press to hide certain information from the public in order for our countries reputation to be protected. In love to racism and how the media reports on it, our country still has a long way to go but has obtain far. There are still the inevitable rep orts about African Americans being in gangs and shootings however there are also stories of African Americans doing amazing things like becoming president.As the press learned during the Civil Rights Movement, people react more to shocking news so thats probably why there is so many negative events that are broadcasted over the television and newspapers. The Internet has enabled the press to have more accurate and timely stories. The media has evolved into a more reliable source especially compared to Colonial Era. Also with all activity on the Internet the press is no longer the only source of information that the public can receive. That forces the media to be more truthful and value their readers trust.

Final Team Case Essay Example for Free

Final Team Case EssayCase orbitCo-Founders Dave Packard and Bill Hewlett started Hewlett-Packard (HP) in 1939 inside a small one(a) car garage behind Packards folk. The two finished their studies as voltaical engineers at Stanford University in 1934 and became close friends. They decided to start their take in communication channel and defend a run for it, formalizing their partnership January 1, 1939. (The HP Way). They decide the caller- aways severalise with a coin toss that one car garage became the office of Hewlett-Packard. At the clock time it was started HP had $538 in oeuvreing capital and little more than a couple hundred dollars worth of assets. It was in that garage that HPs legacy was born, when Bill and Dave bring aboutd the commencement exercise HP return the Audio Oscillator HP200A. future(a) the invention of their first product, the pair moved into a small building down the street from their famed garage and hired their first employees. Walt Di sney Studios placed an order for eight HP 200B audio oscillators for the movie FantasiaHPs first big sale. (High technical school Winning Success In Silicon Valley).A nonher milepost was r each(prenominal)ed in 1940 when HP sent out its first ever Christmas aid in the amount of $5. This Christmas bonus set the tone for all bonuses to come, as it quickly turned into a yield bonus and curtly helped to shape the lodge wide profit sharing plan that HP adapts. In 1942 HP builds its first ever company owned building, and in order to protect themselves build it so that it dope be easily converted to a convenience store should the electronics industry fail. One of the most important milestones for the company was reached in 1947, as HP became a true Corporation. HP also caught attention for their Management by Walking Around and Open Door Policy programs. In 1957 HP had its initial public crack of stock and wrote their first set of corporate objectives, which set the tone for their man agement style as a company. In 1958 HP made its first sizeable acquisition when they leveragingd F.L. Moseley Company, which further expanded their product line. (Maddox).The late 50s and 60s were an extremely important time for HP as a company as it was during this time that they became a global company by building a manufacturing plant in Germany. It was also during this time that they created their Division Separation structure where they separated profit and prejudice accountability surrounded by divisions. This division was thought to help keep employees nimble line fostering motivating and creativity. During the 60s HP further developed itself by entering into the medical field with the purchase of Sanborn Company. They also had their stock listed on the New York and peaceful Stock ex replaces and were listed in Fortune 500s prime companies at 460. It was also during the 60s that HP created its first computer, which was used in house to control company tests. HP also cr eates their first scientific calculator around this time, which also gained tiny success. Further helping promote HP products Dave Packard was appointed U.S.Deputy Secretary of Defense in 1969. In 1977 John Young became president of HP replacing Bill Hewlett. In the early 80s HP took much more interest in the ain computing industry as it was during this time that they create the first mass food merchandiseed personal computer. They also enter into creating correspondents for use with their personal computers, the printers HP render during this time set the standard for the direction in which printers would evolve. In 1987 Bill Hewlett retired as vice hot seat of the board of directors, his son Walter Hewlett and David W Packard (son of Dave Packard) step up to take his place. In 1992 Lew Platt became HP president and chief operating officer who was the first president and CEO of HP to not be a member of the Hewlett or Packard family.In 1993 Dave Packard relinquishes his chai r of the board of directors position to Lew Platt. Possibly one of the most damaging eveningts hits HP in 1996 when Dave Packard one of the original founders dies. In 1999 Carly Fiorina change by reversals President and CEO of HP. In 2002 HP merged with Compaq Computer. This amalgamation created an $87 billion entity which operates in more than 160 countries and has almost 150,000 employees. (Dykman, Davis, Lamb). Quite a change from a company which 70 years ago started in a 1 car garage trail with 2 college kids who had $500 to take to the woods with (Hewlett Packard Company) Today, HP provides consumers a wide range of products and services from digital photography to digital entertainment and from computing to home printing. This comprehensive portfolio helps the company match the right products, services, and solutions to their customers specific admits.Hewlett-Packards Vision StatementWe strive to improve the environmental exercise of our customers, our supply chain, and our own operations. We give muckle the tools and solutionsto build a better today while preparing to address the challenges of tomorrow.MottoPurpose StatementTo wiz in the marketplace by developing and delivering useful and innovative products, services and solutions.Mission Statement commit to global responsibility by being economic, intellectual and a complaisant asset, demonstrate commitment to our employees by promoting creative work that reflects our evaluates, and earn customer respect and loyalty by consistently providing the highest quality and value while achieving finance growth.Values StatementHPs values embody the qualities, beliefs, and principles that testament ensure disposalal success. It is unavoidable that people work to buzz offher in unison toward common objectives and avoid working at loanblend purposes at all levels if the ultimate in efficiency and achievement is to be obtained.-Dave Packard Trust and respect for individualsWe work together to create a culture of inclusion built on trust, respect and dignity for all. exploit and contributionWe strive for excellence in all we do each persons contribution is critical to our success.Results by path of teamworkWe efficaciously collaborate, always looking for more in effect(p) ways to serve our customers.Meaningful creative activityWe argon the technology company that invents the useful and the signifi movet.Uncompromising integrityWe are open, honest and direct in our dealings. anesthetise StatementIn order for the company to remain one of the worlds leading producers of the modish technological advances, HP must face the following issues head-on 1. Their ability to remain a covering fire tier leader in the technology industry through innovative products 2. Strive in conflict the continued needs of various shareholders by change magnitude HP shares 3. Maintain customer loyalty by producing quality yet reasonable prices and exemplarilycustomer service4. Finding ways to re duce our global stride worldwide through advances in green solutions Management Question What does CEO, Meg Whitman, need to do to restrain and recommit HP to the PC barter and reintroduce products her predecessor discarded?Stakeholder Analysis* Communities* Customers* Employees* Investors* Legislators and regulators* Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)* Suppliers* UniversitiesStakeholder Expectations and Expectation(See let on 1.1)Stakeholders Key IssuesWith the unwavering success of pertly entrants into the market HPs stakeholders main issue is their ability to be innovative and competitive in the market. Competitors such(prenominal) as Apple has gained a signifi firet competitive public assistance in the technology industry forcing HP to evaluate how they do business. SWOTSStrengths* Hewlett-Packard (HP) is a global provider of personal systems, imaging and printing products, and technology solutions. * It is the largest player in the inkjet and laser printer market. * HP is also one of the market leaders in the global PC market. * HP has a very strong scattering Hewlett-Packards primary strength is its business position. The enterprise has a large amount of cash in hand about $10 billion. * Hewlett-Packard is a global enterprise and especially after its merger with Compaq, the company became worlds biggest computer hardware and peripheralsconsort in the world and has ranked 20th in the Fortune 500 list.* Hewlett Packard is operating in more than 170 countries including both developed as easy as under-developed. * Being a global dealer of computer hardware, it gives HP many advantages handle imposing printers market, both laser and inkjet. The company attracts and focuses on consumers from even raw(a)ly found markets all around the world, multinational corporations, non-governmental organizations etc. * The company competes both at local and international level. * It has increased its competitiveness through policies and strategies that suppor ts free-market economies. * HP is a leading supplier in the growing IT markets.Weaknesses* HP uses the Windows platform in all its I-PAQ phones. Incidentally, I-PAQ phones prepare been much criticized for not being very Windows friendly in a lot of user forums. * The softness to react quickly to changing market conditions and demands is a weakness of HP. * The company was in a broad term debt for many years which kept it from investing in different growth opportunities. * The touch pads of the notebooks of Hewlett Packard like the dv series, dm3, and Envy lines needs improvement. These touch pads are either finicky, unreliable, or are difficult to use because of friction.* The blow buttons on various HP supplied machines are said to be clumsy to use, too. * Poor shelling action of HP products plagued some mainstream systems and net books. * The past acquisition of Peregrine made the HPs portfolio even more diverse and complete but HP Open Views lack of do byor management capa bilities created several problems. * Another weakness was that it did not yet hit a CMDB product that includes husking and mapping. This cause many customers to switch the brand.Opportunities* Expansion in alternative client computing architectures and other emerging mobile computing devices gives a good opportunity for HP. * The mobile phone market is forecasted to grow tremendously. * The radical(a)-fashioned acquisition of EDS puts HP at a strong position in the computer market and makes it portfolio more impressive. * Hewlett-Packard was able to generate large number of revenues and profits from its different deals andraised more than half dozen billion which it can use to pay off its debts as well as invest in different research and development activities. * If the products by the company are supplied at reasonable prices, thither will be more chances of growth as the demand would increase. * The company has formed Customer Solutions Group that helps in selling the comple te IT solutions, products and services by HP.Threats* Hyper-competitive environment Companies such as Dell, Toshiba, Lenova Group and Acer are formidable competitors for HP. * It competes in terms of price, brand, quality, technology, distribution and range of products, among other factors. * Other mobile operating systems such as Symbian, iPhone, and Linux are on the rise and they too pose a little terror to HP. * Operating in global market means many competitors and therefore, the company has to be at the forefront of changing technologies as well as addressing the changing customer demands and needs. * The global economic recession is also a threat for the companys sales and profits. The prices have also fallen as the stock markets are at historic low positions. * Many other competitors including Dell are entering the printer business whereas IBM has become a market leader.3. Organizational Design AnalysisDivision of Labor in the Ambidextrous Orgainzation constituent(a) charact eristics such as decentralization and employee freedom are excellent for initiating ideas, but these same conditions often make it hard to implement a change because employees are little likely to comply. Employees can ignore the innovation because of decentralization and generally loose structure. HP has such problem and it is necessary to overlay the two-faced come near, which speaks to arrest structure and management process that are appropriate to both creation and the murder of innovation.The ambidextrous approach looks at HPs design elements that are important for exploring new ideas versus the design elements that are most suitable for exploiting HPs menstruum capabilities. Exploration means encouraging creativity and developing new ideas, whereas exploitation means implementing those ideas to produce terrene products. HP can be knowing to behave in an organic way for exploring new ideas and in amechanistic way to exploit and use the ideas. Research under HP could use an ambidextrous approach by designing for both exploration and exploitation perform better and are importantly more thriving in launching innovative new products or services.Through research, using this sit down as an overlay, HPs creative department should use the organic structure to expand its capabilities such as cut their global worldwide footprint through advances in green solutions. The economy of China has been growing at a robust rate since last few years. Chinas new-fashionedly released five-year plan signifies a new signifier of growth through the expansion of domestic consumption, driving a low-carbon economy, fostering innovation and achieving balanced social and economic growth (Datamonitor PLC, 2012). The growth of HPs mobile tablet PC market, entry into the smartphone market expects to grow strongly in the coming years. The growth is expected to be driven by the demand from the US and Asia Pacific regions.In 2010, the market was led by the North American regio n with approximately 35% market share. By 2014, Asia Pacific region including China expects to lead the tablet PC market (Datamonitor, 2011). In February 2011, HP launched the HP TouchPad, a 9.7-inch tablet PC that runs on webOS 3.0. The company plans to make available this product in the coming months. The companys increased focus on the tablet PC segment will enable it to benefit from the growing market (Datamonitor, 2011). HP entered the smartphone market with the acquisition of manage, a provider of smartphones powered by the Palm WebOS mobile operating system, in July 2010.The launch of new smartphones with an updated version of WebOS will enable the company to in effect compete with each other players in the market, including Apple and Google (Datamonitor, 2011). In addition, provide the healthcare markets with products beyond the capabilities of their competitors. HP has been focusing on providing healthcare solutions in recent times. In January 2010, the company and McKesso n collaborated to work on electric health record (EHR) adoption at independent physician practices. HPs solutions targeting healthcare sector will enable it to increase its revenues in the company years (Datamonitor, 2011).The creative department could use an organic structure to search anddevelop new ideas to face intense competition from Apple, RIM, and Nokia. Under an organic structure, HP will be able to react quickly to those competitors having a positive effect on revenues and profitability of the company in the long run.Looking at the mechanistic structure HP could exploit capabilities and apply routine implementation of innovations. An example of this looks at HP leading market position in the global printers market. HP ships more than one millions printer per week. Strong market position in various market segments provides economies of scale for the company, including increasing their customer base (Datamonitor, 2011). The Four Types of Change Provide a Strategic private- enterprise(a) W boundary Managers can focus on four types of change inwardly organizations to achieve strategic advantage. These four types of change are technology, products and services, strategy and structure, and culture. These factors provide an overall context within which the four types of change serve as a competitive wedge to achieve an advantage in the international environment. HP has an unique configuration of products and services, strategy and structure, culture, and technologies that can be focused for maximum impact upon the its chosen markets.Technology changes are changes in an organizations achievement process, including its knowledge and skill base, that enable distinctive competence. These changes are designed to make production more efficient or to produce greater volume. Changes in technology involve the techniques for making products or services. They include work methods, equipment, and workflow. In the case of HP, the competitive-intelligence (CI) chief of HP has focused his intention to offer free shipping for printer cartridges, its development of print status monitor software which will prompt customers to purchase replacement cartridges, and numerous technical specifications. Only but a few minor errors, the CI team had nailed everything prices, specs, software expatiate (Varchaver Burke, 2007).Products and services changes pertain to the product or service outputs of HP. New products and services are normally designed to increase the market share or to develop new markets, customers, or clients. If correctlyapplied, HP can bring together existing technologies in a new way to serve a new market. HP has a broad product portfolio. HPs services segment offers consulting, outsourcing and technology services across infrastructure, applications and business process scene of actions. Its services encompass the data center and the workplace (desktop) network and communications and security, compliance business continuity warranty s upport technology consulting and systems integration solutions (Datamonitor, 2012).Strategy and structure changes pertain to the administrative domain in an organization. The administrative domain involves the supervision and management of management, policies, rewards systems, labor relations, coordination devices, management information and control systems, and accountancy and budgeting systems. Strategy, structure, and systems changes are usually top-downthat is, mandated by top managementwhereas product and technology changes often come from the bottom up. To make the strategy successful, they identified a new set of key performance metrics to track how effectively the company was meeting goals of competitive costs, high quality, and great service. This change also proved to be successful in the long run.A culture change refers to changes in the values, attitudes, expectations, beliefs, abilities, and behavior of employees. Culture change pertains to changes in how employees th ink these are changes in mindset rather than technology, structure, or products. Culture change can be particularly difficult because people dont think their attitudes and beliefs easily.The four types of change are interdependent a change in one often means a change in another. The structural change was an operation of the technology change. HP is an independent system, and changing one part often has implications for other parts of HP. Porters Competitive Strategies- Michael E. Porter studied a number of business organizations and proposed mangers can make the orgainzation more profitable and less vulnerable by adopting either a note strategy or a low-cost strategy.Appling a low-cost leading strategy means managers subscribe to to compete through lowercosts, whereas with a differentiation strategy the orgainzation compete through the ability to offer unique or distinctive products and services that check a premium price. Each strategy can vary in scope from broad to narrow. T hat is, an organization can choose to compete in many market and customer segments or to focus on a specific market or buying group.Appling this model to HP revels the organizations focuses on low-cost leading strategy with a broad scope where HP provides goods and services to customers at cheaper prices. HP uses the low-cost strategy with their printer / copier product line where tight controls to produce products more efficiently than its competitors.Low-cost leadership strategy using a broad scope is concerned primarily with stability rather than pickings risks or seeking new opportunities for innovation and growth. For HP, this means it can achieve higher profits than competitors because of it can efficiency and lower operation costs. Also, this strategy puts HP in a better position to forbid loss of market share. 4. Identification and Evaluation of Alternatives1. Encourage technology change by using skunkworksPros Focuses on breakthrough ideas for HPGive highly talented emplo yees time and freedom to keep HP on the cutting edgeThis group could be highly autonomous and secretive while creatingCons May create a subculture under HPs visionRisk of skunkworks wasting resources and come away with nothing to showIdeas whitethorn be behind competitors organizations skunkworks teams2. Empower employees through the bottom-up approachPros Employees are motivated to figure out the scoop out ways to get their jobs doneSupports the right culture that drive high performanceEmployees at all levels feel part of the vision / change or the organizationCons Employees ideas could go nowhereIdeas could get lost between the layers of managementEmployees may become focused on looking for shortcuts in the process 3.Discover a distinct pattern of tailoring innovations to customer needs by using the level Coordination ModelPros Increases the amount of new product developmentImproves the different possible developed productsGives HP the edge in meeting customer needs and circumv enting manufacturing / marketing ideasCons If not properly applied, the connections is lost between employees and customersIf not properly applies, the coordination between departments are not sharedMust be driven by top managers to function well5. Recommended Alternatives- Based on the models and discussed alternatives, I recommend HP will be best able to adapt to the changing external environment by proceeding with the Horizontal Coordination. This means HPs technical, marketing, and production employees share ideas and information. All departments would have a say if / when a product gets introduced in the market. Specialization means every department are highly competent at their own tasks. Boundary spanning means each department under HP vision will be linked with involvement on new products and has an excellent linkage with relevant sectors in the external environment. Under boundary spanning, employees are aware of recent scientific developments and personnel are closely link ed to customer needs. Horizontal coordination stresses the importance of sharing ideas between technical, marketing, and production.I would not recommend using skunkworks or the bottom-up approach. Skunkworks has a great possibility of developing a subculture that may not support HPs overall vision. Using the bottom-up approach may go dry after employees discover their ideas are going unnoticed or getting lost while traveling through the layers of management.6. Implementation and ConclusionElements for Successful Change- Regardless of the type or scope of change, there are identifiable stages of innovation, which generally occur as a sequence of events, through innovation stages may overlap. For a change to be successful implemented, HPs mangers must make sure each element occurs in the organization. If one of the elements is missing, the change processwill fail. 1. Ideas. Change is an outward expression of ideas. Ideas can come from within or from outside the organization, 2. Need. Ideas are generally not seriously considered unless there is a perceived need for change. A perceived need for change occurs when managers see a gap between actual performance and desired performance in the organization. 3. Decision to adopt.The decision to adopt occurs when managers or other decision makers choose to go ahead with a proposed idea at HP. 4. Implementation. Implementation occurs when HPs members actually use a new idea, technique, or behavior. Materials and equipment may have to be acquired, and workers may have to be trained to use the new idea. This is the most difficult part for HP. Until people use the new idea, no change has actually interpreted place. 5. Resources. Change does not happen on its own it requires time and resources, for both creating and implementing a new idea. Employees at HP must provide energy to see both the need and the idea to meet that need.In conclusion, strong market position in various markets segments provides economies of scale for t he company, besides increasing its chance of triumphant customers. However, intense competition will adversely affect the revenues and profitability of the company in ling term (Datamonitor, 2011).Works Cited1. Daft, R. (2010). Organization Theory Design. (11th ed.). Mason, OH South-Western, Cengage Learning. 2. Datamonitor. (2011). Hewlett-Packard Company3. HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY Palo Alto, California. (2008). Microwave Journal, 51(7), 120-126. 4. Hewlett Packard Company. 2007 November 19. 30 March 2008 http//www.thocp.net/companies/hewlett_packard/hp_company.htm. 5. High Tech Winning Success In Silicon Valley. (1984). Ebony, 40(1), 37 6. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.hp.com/go/history