Main factor Project management for successful completion of a project

Main factor chore instruction for in(predicate) period of a throw off inter promulgate steering is an most-valuable aspect of an musical arrangement a of import factor for boffo completion of a switch. In todays changing times tools such(prenominal) as catch watchfulness, if utilise by rights sight submit a useful way for disposals to cook that assortment effectively. Managing verbalism be afters is a complex undertaking. The character reference of a wipe out is the topic of m whatever factors the feature of image Manger is angiotensin converting enzyme such factor. nominate carriage make things happen on a see to it. A decl atomic number 18 oneself unavoidably a secure planning, organization counselling which would bring bug out the maximum benefits for the organization and this fecal matter be that achieved by a unattackable plyer- confuse jitney.A nonher ara which ineluctably a lot of charge in an organization is ap dapplements disputes. combat is an inevitable aspect of an organization. It dissolve be destructive as advantageously as functional and it depends on the pop out coach to solving the negate in a manner so that it does non lead to the loss for an organization. There drop been many sometime(prenominal) studies on drop victor factors affecting compute succeeder. These include externalize autobuss competence, control systems responsibilities, selection of teams, politics, contracting solving of contraventions, proper solelyocation of resources and so ontera Effective end focus begins with selecting and prioritizing plans that support the firms strategy and mission. vomit motorbuss deem to plan and budget determines as well as orchestrate the contri andions of others. Social-skills, conclusion making skills, line of work handling skills, opportunities recognizing skills, and trouble of participations atomic number 18 authorized personalized attributes of a vom it up processr affecting construe achiever.The primary(prenominal) contract of field of view is to find distinct attributes of a discombobulate carriage which would foster in overcoming all the challenges faced while constituteing on a throw up as this marks the success of any organization. learn carriage plays a very authorized spot in a victorious produceing of any organization and the postulate of this guide is to deeply learning all those attributes which a come out motorcoach must rent to compel a good leader who can manage his team well extract maximum benefits out of them indoors the limits of time, money resources. fancys argon inherently uncertain face unannounced events, from small changes to unforeseen changes like passage of armss within organization, with the client, resource unavail skill, etc. examine autobus forms a link in the midst of the top management the other employees so it is the state of the insure manager to maintain a good balance mingled with both. The contravene can arise in top management as well as other employees. The ingest of the study is to see how upchuck managers do to such events. As this forms a major reason for the success of any organization, the aim is to damp an in depth study of these characteristics of a good find out manager which is profitable for all the organizations draw a unfavorable kin between the jutting jitneys managerial attributes, the use of learn start management principles, practices project performance. The study would in any case recommend some regularityological actiones, conceptual frameworks, experiments, experiences some conclusions drawn from various studies do in various companies correspond contrast them with previous studies to attain a broad analysis for prospering working of a project manager his subprogram in prospering completion of a project within the given constraints. Initially the study would screen what a project is, what project management is and what is the role of a project manager. Then the study would examine the causes, types effects of strife followed by the ways they can be resolved the role of get off manager in infringe resolution.SEARCH STRATEGYThe search strategy starts with an aim objective in mind. The aim the objective of present study are as followsAIM To study the roles responsibilities of an effective endure omnibus canvas what attributes of a find Manager are required to resolve different conflicts in an organization.OBJECTIVESTo define communicate Project Management.To define the roles responsibilities of an effective quality Project Manager.To define conflict, examine its causes, types, core processes effects in an organization.To examine what attributes of a Project Manager are required to manage departure effectively.The key haggling used in the study includeProject, Project Management, Project Manager quality, Project manager roles, Un judge events , Conflict, Conflict Management, work performance of Project Manager, Managerial attributes, Project Performance, Power, government activity, organisational politics, lead, communication, motivation, managing project teams, project s take awayholders, project emotional state cycle.These words are relevant for the search because they crossbreed the required objectives of the study. They help in finding the appropriate diary storys, cogitate or other information regarding the different aspects of a project, project management, Project manager, conflict conflict management by a project manager. These words help in finding information that can describe the general aim objectives of the study.The other sources of information includeSearch engine usedScience direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Engineering Village.Other sourcesProject Management the managerial process 4e by Gray Larson.Business Psychology organizational Behavior by Eugene McKenna.Commercial Management of Project s defining the discipline by Dawid Lowe with Roine Leiringer.Industrial Organizational Psychology by John B. Miner.www.ogc.gov.ukwww.apm.org.ukREVIEWS OF FOUR JOURNAL PAPERSProject Quality project managersThis daybook physical composition Project Quality Project managers- http//tinyurl.com/24d9ue8 emphasizes on the fact that a thriving project requires sound project management practices and for any project management system to be effective, a project must be managed by a project manager who exhibits high quality managerial attributes. The research discussed in the stem is sponsored by the Construction pains Institute.The main direct of the paper is to confirm the critical relationship between the use of key project management principles, practices project performance. The paper emphasizes on the effective project management practices their use by project managers at all levels during a project sprightliness cycle. The paper argues that the relationship between a Project Ma nagers managerial attributes project success is indirect. The project performance is affected by the effective application of project management principles by a project manager. Further the paper in like manner argues that the high quality managerial attributes are an equally important ratifier to project success and commensurate with high quality good skills.The paper presents the key principles recommended practices such as strategic project organizing, de theater effectiveness, project control management of quality articulated by the Construction Industry Institute (CII) the Business Roundtables Construction Industry Cost Effectiveness (CICE) project. They are believed to have the strongest effect on project performance.The paper clearly defines the objectives eye socket of the research. The data does not only give theoretical results but also reserves empirical support by acquiring data through expatiate questionnaire developed to survey 400 construction companies whe re the respondents provide individual views ground on their experiences on projects in the heavy engineering, building industrial construction sectors. This paper also provides strategies to improve project manager effectiveness. This helps in deeper agreement of the managers ability to consistently produce project success. besides this paper considers only the aspect of project Manager as the factor for project success. Project success could be assessed not only on project management techniques but also on other external factors. The Project Manager must also allow the client to take equal responsibility of the project. It is important to determine the expectations importance of each customer in the project by the project manager as this also marks one of the factors for successful running of project. 1,2 Along with leadership skills thither is also a need of emotional competencies and as the project managers progress they need to prove their leadership competencies particula rly developing the emotional dimensions. 3 This paper also does not examine the working environment affecting the performance of project managers. This is important not only for determining the success of a project, but also in continual of the good performance of project managers. 4The research done by CII CICE indicates that the critical factor to project success is the quality of a Project Manager. Managing construction projects is a complex undertaking requires many factors. The quality of Project Manger is one such factor. Project Manager necessitate to stress different attributes at different times over the life of a project to make the project successful. Many Project Managers are perceived to lack the requisite managerial skills so new strategies such as increased pre appointment training, mentor system, careful selection of emf project managers etc are suggested to improve the quality of an effective Project Manager.2) Conflict its managementThis journal member http //tinyurl.com/37skcfr presents a detailed analysis of conflict its management by disputants themselves or by third parties such as Project Managers, mediators etc. The paper premiere examines the causes, core processes effects of conflict subsequently probes into conflict escalation de-escalation, context conflict management. In the end the paper also concludes some suggestions for future research provides recommendations for practicing managers.The word highlights the issues by reviewing certain scholarly reviews of the conflict literature which have already been published. The major purpose of the hold is to draw attention towards the inevitable unanticipated nature of conflict and how these can be managed by disputants or by third parties such as Project Managers who play an important role in conflict management. The article defines conflict as a process where one troupe perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party. It then go es onto explain the causes of conflict like individual characteristics, inter-personal factors, communication, way, etc. It explains the effects of conflicts on individuals organization subsequently determines the concept of conflict escalation de-escalation. It then unfolds the conflict context which has been approached from 4 different statuss (i) A description of the conflict setting, (ii) A reference to the independent variables, (iii) The environment in which the conflict is introduce (iv) The structural level or paradigm of the conflict. The article then explores the role of disputants in managing conflict such as Perspective ( corroborate co-operative goals, note the alternatives etc), descriptive ( agree to symbols of defeat, compromise, convert the opponent etc) the role of third parties such as Project manager tactics (adopting appropriate leadership styles, group-discussions, encouraging negotiations etc), mediation, arbitration, placation recapitulation.The arti cle helps in deeper collar of all the phases of conflict, its inevitable nature, its effects causes. It not only explains the conflict phases , its management but also gives research managerial suggestions for future references. The suggestions provided though are beneficial for the practicing managers but should have been to a greater extent detailed provide with examples to help in clear collar of the point. It is important to identify five modes of conflict resolution such as confronting, compromising, smoothing, forcing avoiding. 5 This article does not mention any cognitive analysis. Cognitive analysis approach( identifying conflict domain, generation of conflict cases, exercise of judgment, analysis of result cognitive feedback) identifies cognitive difference between the parties as the main source of conflict which needs to be taken care by a Project manager.6 An ken of the potential approaches to conflict resolution and the understanding of their consequences can pro vide project managers with a invaluable set of tools to create an optimal work environment.The article concludes that a conflict is self-generating inevitable in an organization. The conflict process is dynamic, self-perpetuating eer changing like effects become causes original causes may melt new causes arise the number of parties change etc. This makes conflict management a difficult target. Project Manager plays an important role in recognizing conflicts managing them as and when required. Conflict is prevalent cannot be recognized at all times so its management requires a lot of trials. The challenge for organizational leaders and project managers is to try to maintain the right balance and effectiveness of conflict in project management. By utilizing project management principles, understanding the dynamics of conflict, and learning approaches to conflict resolution, managers will be able to establish an environment in which creativity and innovation is encouraged and pr oject goals are accomplished. 73) The Titanic sunk, so what? Project manager result to unannounced events.The journal article http//tinyurl.com/364k9rb studies the responses of Project manager to unexpected events during a project life cycle. This paper stresses on the point that unanticipated events are inevitable in a project the project success depends on the responses of the project manager to such events. This paper explores the gap between the practice success by defining tether elements namely Event, Response the perceived success. The article compares contrasts the successful unsuccessful responses to draw attention on successful practices.As responding to unexpected events is a fundamental function in project management, an analysis of 44 unexpected events faced by 22 experienced Project Managers in defense defense related organizations was conducted in the given study. The participants were asked to think of prodigious unforeseeable events during the project whic h took them by surprise or were unknown or unpredicted their responses were recorded to such events. The research was designed using a grid to unfold the differences between successful unsuccessful responses to unexpected events from the perspective of a project manager. The results found that some participants had difficulty in identifying unknown-unknowns ( circumstances, events outcomes that were not identified in the first place) from known-unknowns ( circumstances, events or outcomes that have been identified as possibly existing, but do not know whether they will take place or not). The ability to identify possible risks reflects the experience of the participants.The main purpose of the paper is to draw the importance of unexpected events during a project which many times are just neglected by Managers to study their responses in such events. These unexpected events threaten the viability of a project. The study carried on groups organizations looked at the behavior of i ndividuals during crisis like situation. An Adapted Repertory Grid (RepGrid) method was used to explore the unexpected events their responses. The data was collected in iii steps namely discussion on each event to realise an overview of what happened in each event, response monitoring finally evaluation of the inbred validity of data. The study revealed that successful responses were organic base on lead pillars A responsive carrying out structure at organizational level, good interpersonal relationships at group level competent people at the individual level.The study gives an idea of responses to unexpected events their evaluation as success or failure. Certain studies suggest that conflict develops not only in environmental circumstances but in the styles used by individuals when confronted with a conflict. The manner in which a person responds to organizational decision and misgiving will influence the responses of others and the individuals work experience. 8 But th is has again beeen contradicted by last-place that a Project managers previous experience has a minimal intrusion on the projects performance whereas the size of the previous managed project does affect the managers performance.9. However some researchers found no relationship between project success project size. 10The results conclude that the successful responses to unexpected events lie within the three pillars Responses functioning structure, Good interpersonal relations Competent people. Simple, responsible functioning structures are highlighted by the study participants as fundamental pillars of success. The analysis suggests that there is a need to refrain from merely adopting a process based approach to predict all possible events. It should be understood that the compounding of structure, people, relationship are more likely to enable a successful response to an unanticipated event. The result emphasizes to focus on behavioral aspects of project management further draws attention on successful unsuccessful responses of project managers to such events.4) Understanding the role of politics in successful project managementThis journal paper http//tinyurl.com/2va3ass links the ability of project manager other key players in an organization to understand the importance of organizational politics which is one of the major factors of conflict as a sign towards successful project management. Politics is most often regarded as negative but common experiences acknowledge that politics often one of the hot flash moving forces within any organization for better or worse.The main purpose of this paper is to draw attention towards the role of politics in successful project management identifying ways in which Project managers can use politics in a positive effective manner. It focuses on the point that Project Management politics are inextricably linked. palmy managers are those who understand that their job consists of more than simply being techn ically managerially competent. Power politics is rarely addressed in project management but it needs to be understood that their presence is ubiquitous their clashing is significant. The paper points to three modes of power Authority, Status influence illustrates that these are the key problems faced by Project Manager in attempting to develop their projects in organizations. The paper explains the implications of project politics stresses that a Project Manager needs to acknowledge politics as a fact of organizational project life. It focuses on the fact that it is important to learn to cultivate appropriate political tactics as they decide whether it is healthy or unhealthy give characteristics of political behavior like underlying attitudes, techniques etc. Politics if not handled on time may lead to conflicts within the organization so a Project manager needs to acknowledge politics and manage it accordingly. The article suggests some measures to be adopted by Project m anager such as the need to employ certain tactics such as conduct performance appraisals on their project team subordinates as it helps in sending a clear message throughout the members that the projects are valuable project contributions among team members will be remembered rewarded. The Project Manager needs to learn the art of influencing by developing a write up as an expert, and also suggests a Project Manager to develop good negotiating skills recognize that conflict is a natural side effect of project management. These tactics as suggested can help Project managers in dealings with politics hence would resist conflict within the team.This article gives a good understanding of politics which generally is neglected by Project managers. Organizational politics is one of the important factors responsible for conflicts in an organization but this factor many times is neglected. Conflict if avoided can lead to difficult situations. . Managers at all levels of an organizati on should be attentive to enhancing employee perceptions of organizational justice in order to encourage the use of more accommodative styles for organizational conflict management.10 There needs to be more fury on project team relationship as it can be one of the causes of politics and hence can lead to conflicts. Unwillingness to get together is one of the major reasons for failed teams leading to conflicts Hence, successful project completion depends to a large extent on members being able to work together effectively.4 This article helps to draw attention towards the importance of politics provides effective project implementation techniques which may help in avoiding conflicts arising from politics. But it does not provide any empirical data proving the theories mentioned.The paper concludes that politics and project management are interlinked a project cannot be run without understanding politics. Politics is not necessarily evil but depends on how it is used that decide s its effect. Managers do not understand the importance of politics many times but they need to understand that politics is ubiquitous that is it operates across organizations functional boundaries.. undefeated Project Managers are aware that politics, if used judiciously can have an extraordinary positive impact on the implementation of their projects..SUMMARYThe journals provide a clear understanding of project, project management, roles responsibilities of a project manager, conflicts unexpected events in an organization the ways in which a Project manager could successfully manage them. All the journals focus on one point which is that a successful Project Manager requires a sound project management practices for any project management system to be effective, a project must be managed by a Project Manager who exhibits high quality managerial attributes knows to handle unanticipated situations in a project life-cycle.The research sponsored by the CII( Construction Industry Institute) in the first paper-Project Quality Project Manager highlights the importance of a quality Project Manager as one of the basic factors required for the success of a project. The paper specifies some suggestions to improve the Project manager effectiveness such as increased pre-appointment training, Establishing a mentor system, careful selection of potential Project Manager etc.The second journal article-Conflict its Management presents a broad analysis of conflict its management. This article stresses on the fact that conflict is inevitable in an organization can be handled by disputants themselves or by third parties such as Project Manager. Again this article stresses on the importance of the managerial qualities required in a Project Manager to handle conflict effectively. It provides suggestions for Project Managers to overcome conflict. These include Project Manager should not always avoid conflict, should identify the issues carve them cut to manageable set e tc.Both the journal papers suggests that an effort needs to be made to identify develop key management skills that may be unique to the project management environment.The third journal -Project Managers response to unexpected events opines that projects can face unexpected events studies how Project Managers respond to such events. The article examines some events but found that human behavior issues predominantly led to failure while all other types of events could be managed either successfully or unsuccessfully. It identifies three pillars on which success response was dependent Response functioning structure(high degree of freedom, rapid decision making implementation etc) good interpersonal relationship( Engagement with stakeholders, communication relationship between people involved) competent people( competence of leader team, behavior including self sensory faculty ability to deal with stressful situations).The fourth journal paper- Understanding the role of politic s in project management identifies organizational politics as one of the causes of conflict reveals that successful project management is linked to the ability of a Project Manager to understand its importance to make it work for project success. It states that project politics are interlinked it is up to what Project managers do depends on their ability to effectively manage not only the technical aspect of their job but also the behavioral side as well. It also focuses on the behavioral issues which need to be effectively handled by a Project Manger by understanding the dynamics of conflict process by learning to cultivate appropriate political tactics.It can be summarized that a project is an endeavor undertaken to meet specified goals objectives is usually constrained by time, scope budget. The discipline of planning, organizing managing resources to bring about the successful completion of such goals objectives during a project is known as Project management. A projec t manager is vital indispensable in any project. It is the Project manager who is accountable for accomplishing the objectives goals during a project life-cycle. The key project manger responsibilities include clear attainable project objectives, building the requisite environment, managing all the constraints of project, managing all unexpected events during a project such as conflicts etc. The quality of Project Manager is critical to achieving project success. Project Managers should emphasize different attributes at different stages of a project to be more effective. A project manager needs to understand that projects are inherently uncertain should be ready to manage them by understanding their importance make them work for project success. Proper skills in dealing with conflict can assist project managers and other organization members to handle and effectively resolve conflicts which can lead to a more plentiful organization as a whole. Using Project management principl es and applying them gives the project manager the ability to establish success measures, incorporate quality principles, resolve conflicts and unexpected events, address future risk before becoming a problem, work within the scope of the project etc.The Project manager must have a combination of above average leadership human relations skills and administrative experience. Project performance is affected by the effective application of project management principles by a project manager. An effective Project manager should be capable of making decisions, communicate actions eliciting the commitment of team members. An effective Project Manager needs to appoint conflict manage it by various methodologies such as improve communication, encourage joint responsibilities, create new alternatives, instill a co-operative, problem solving attitude between the conflicting groups. Successful project manager understand that project management skills if used judiciously can have an extra-o rdinary impact on the successful implementation of their projects.Great successful organizations have always believed in idea generators executors for overall excellence. Project Manager is expected to have both qualities and the ability to handle all events during the course of a project. Effective instrumental leadership abilities initiatives have always lend a Midas touch to the organization.Since the aim of the study to be done is to analyze Project Managers roles and responsibilities and define attributes required in a Project Manager to prevent conflict during a project life cycle, these journals help in backup the fact that Project Managers are one of the important factors required for project success. These journals define the various conflicts, its causes and explore the characteristics required in a Project manager to overcome unexpected events during a project. This would help in the further study of the current research and help in achieving the objectives of the res earch.